Asthma is a chronic (long-term) disease that causes inflammation and swelling of your airways. Nasal polyps are soft tissue growths on the lining inside the nose and sinuses. While they seem very different, they are actually related.
What Do Nasal Polyps and Asthma Have in Common?
Both asthma and nasal polyps are caused by something called type 2 inflammation. Type 2 inflammation is a type of immune response. This type of response happens when your body senses an intruder like an infection or allergens. But sometimes, your immune system has a type 2 response when there is no intruder. This ends up causing damage to the body itself.
If you have a condition caused by type 2 inflammation – such as asthma – you have a good chance of having another type 2 condition. This is how nasal polyps and asthma are connected. If you have asthma, you have a greater chance of having nasal polyps.
Around 17% of adults with moderate to severe asthma also have nasal polyps. And almost half of adults with moderate to severe nasal polyps have asthma, which can make breathing and daily activities difficult.1
What Should I Do If I Think I Have Nasal Polyps?
If you think you have nasal polyps, an allergist or ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT) can make a diagnosis. They can help you come up with a treatment plan to help you manage your nasal polyps.
You will likely see a team of doctors if you have nasal polyps, especially if you also have asthma. They can include:
- Primary care physician (PCP)
- Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist
- Allergist/immunologist
- Sinus surgeon (ENT or neurosurgeon)
Keeping your nasal polyps and asthma under control is important for your quality of life and health. This may include managing possible allergies too. If you do not get treatment for nasal polyps, they can cause long-term problems in your nose and sinuses.
Where Can I Find Nasal Polyps Resources?
Nasal polyps are also known as chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and nasal polyp syndrome. The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) offers resources on nasal polyps to help you learn more about signs and symptoms, management, and treatment options.
- AAFA offers free educational programs for people with nasal polyps and their caregivers. Watch nasal polyps webinars on demand.
- AAFA’s Life with Nasal Polyps report identifies unmet needs and areas of opportunity for improving nasal polyps care.
- Want to learn more about nasal polyps? See AAFA’s A Guide to Nasal Polyps.
Educational content created independently by AAFA with support from Sanofi and Regeneron.
Medical Review: adapted from the webpages “What is Type 2 Inflammation?” reviewed June 2023 and “Nasal Polyps,” reviewed July 2024 by John James, MD
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References
1. Khan, A. H., Gouia, I., Kamat, S., Johnson, R., Small, M., & Siddall, J. (2023a). Prevalence and severity distribution of type 2 inflammation-related comorbidities among patients with asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and atopic dermatitis. Lung, 201(1), 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-023-00603-z