Welcome to our October research update! Getting involved with research is an important way to impact asthma and allergy treatments, education, and awareness.

This month, we are highlighting clinical trials, surveys, and news on:

• New treatment options for eczema, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and nasal polyps
• The impact of climate change and environment on asthma and allergies
• Safety of direct penicillin challenges
  
  

Note: The links below will take you to external websites.

Surveys

Community Asthma Survey

If you are over 18 and have asthma, we want to hear about how the environment affects your breathing. By telling your story, you can help others understand and manage asthma better!

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) has a participating member on the survey steering committee and appreciates your support!

TAKE THE SURVEY

Participants Needed for Eczema Study

If you are a caregiver for a child under 18 with moderate to severe eczema, we would love to hear your opinions and perspectives. Your feedback can help impact guidelines for childhood eczema. Your child can take the survey too with your help.

Take a 15-minute online survey for a research study on using systemic (oral or injectable) medicines for eczema.

Your voice makes a difference! Each participant will be entered into a drawing for a reward.

Principal Investigator: Dr. Joy Wan (Johns Hopkins Medicine IRB00397225)

TAKE THE SURVEY

Latest Asthma and Allergy News

Anaphylaxis

neffy® Epinephrine Nasal Spray Now Available in the U.S.
In August 2024, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the epinephrine nasal spray, neffy®, for adults and children over 66 pounds for the treatment of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. The treatment is now available by prescription in the United States. Through the neffyConnect program, eligible people with commercial insurance can purchase 2 single-use devices for $25. Uninsured people can buy them for $199. Neffy is also available free to people who qualify for the ARS Patient Assistance Program. The nasal spray offers a needle-free alternative to epinephrine auto-injectors. Experts believe neffy will encourage more people to carry and use their epinephrine earlier during an allergic reaction. This can lead to treatment outcomes and fewer emergency room visits.

Allergy

How Climate Change Impacts Allergies
A recent article examined the impact of increased use of fossil fuels on the environment and allergic conditions. Increased use of fossil fuels has led to global warming, causing more extreme weather events like wildfires and storms. This results in higher levels of air pollutants, including particulate matter, greenhouse gases, and pollen. Together, these factors worsen allergic diseases.

Factors like droughts, floods, heat waves, pollution, and deforestation also add to the rise in allergies. As global warming and extreme weather continue to worsen, allergic diseases are expected to increase, which can put more strain on health care systems.

To improve health, the authors say we need to address climate change by reducing fossil fuel use and promoting biodiversity. Health care providers can also play a key role in educating patients about climate change's effects on health and advocating for policy changes to create a healthier, more sustainable future.

Safety of Direct Penicillin Challenges
In a direct penicillin challenge, a patient is given a small dose of penicillin and is monitored for signs of an allergic reaction. A recent study looked at how often people labeled as allergic to penicillin have allergic reactions during direct penicillin challenges.

The researchers analyzed data from 56 studies involving 9,225 participants. It found that only 3.5% of people experienced a reaction, most of which were mild. Children, outpatients, and people receiving graded or prolonged challenges had higher rates of reaction. Only 5 severe reactions were reported, including 3 cases of anaphylaxis, but none were fatal. These findings suggest that direct penicillin challenges are generally safe and could be widely used to evaluate penicillin allergies, helping reduce unnecessary allergy labels in both children and adults.

Asthma

Risk Factors for Missing Appointments Among Children with Asthma
Missing scheduled asthma appointments has been linked to more asthma flare-ups in children and higher health care costs. This study reviewed 17 studies involving 27,023 children to identify risk factors for missing appointments. It found that teenagers, non-White children, and children with less severe asthma were more likely to miss appointments. The analysis did not find significant differences based on insurance, allergies, gender, or rural living.

The study also showed that children who missed appointments had a higher risk of acute asthma events. These findings highlight the need to develop strategies to reduce missed appointments in children with asthma, which could lower the risk of severe asthma episodes.

A Look at Azithromycin as a Low-Cost Asthma Treatment
New treatments for severe asthma have greatly improved how the condition is managed, leading to better quality of life and fewer asthma attacks. Some treatments aim for “remission,” meaning patients experience no symptoms and do not need steroids. But defining remission is challenging, and it’s unclear what helps people reach this state.

One potential treatment is azithromycin, an antibiotic that may help reduce asthma attacks, especially for people with non-type 2 asthma. A study found that people with asthma taking azithromycin had higher rates of clinical remission compared to people who didn’t take the treatment. While azithromycin is affordable and widely available, it can have side effects and may lead to antibiotic resistance. More research is needed to fully understand its long-term effects and how it works with other asthma treatments.

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)     

FDA Approves EBGLYSS™ for People 12 Years and Older with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis
In September, the FDA approved EBGLYSS for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in people aged 12 and older who weigh at least 88 pounds and have not found relief with creams. EBGLYSS is an injectable biologic that can be used alone or with topical steroids. EBGLYSS works by blocking a protein that causes excessive inflammation. Treatment begins with two injections at weeks 0 and 2, followed by one every 2 weeks until week 16, after which patients can switch to a monthly dose. In clinical trials with over 1,000 participants, 38% of those on EBGLYSS had clear or almost clear skin by week 16, compared to 12% who did not take the treatment. Also, 43% of participants had itch relief at week 16. Common side effects include redness, swelling, and skin irritation.

Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU)

Dupixent® Phase 3 Trial Shows Improvements in Itch and Hives for Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU)
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a condition that causes sudden hives and intense itching, affecting quality of life. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi have announced that their drug Dupixent® (dupilumab) has successfully completed a Phase 3 trial for treating uncontrolled chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in patients who have not previously used biologics. The trial showed that Dupixent significantly reduced itch and hive activity compared to non-treatment.

In the study, 30% of patients treated with Dupixent reported no urticaria at 24 weeks, compared to 18% who did not take the treatment. The safety of Dupixent was consistent with its known profile, with similar rates of side effects for both groups. The results will be submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration by the end of 2024 to seek approval for CSU treatment.

COPD

FDA Approves Dupixent as the First-Ever Biologic Medicine for Patients with COPD in the U.S.
The FDA has approved Dupixent (dupilumab) as a maintenance treatment for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have an eosinophilic phenotype. This makes Dupixent the first biologic medicine approved in the U.S. for these patients. COPD can cause severe symptoms like breathlessness, coughing, and fatigue, making daily activities difficult. The approval is based on 2 major studies showing Dupixent significantly reduces severe COPD flare-ups and improves lung function compared to non-treatment. Patients taking Dupixent experienced a 30% to 34% decrease in annual flare-ups and better quality of life scores. Common side effects included viral infections, headaches, and back pain. This approval offers new hope for better managing COPD symptoms and improving patients’ lives.

EGPA

FDA Approves FASENRA for Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) in the U.S.
AstraZeneca’s FASENRA® (benralizumab) has been approved in the U.S. to treat adults with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), a rare and serious condition that can harm multiple organs. The approval followed the MANDARA Phase III trial, which compared FASENRA with the only other approved EGPA treatment, mepolizumab. In this trial, nearly 60% of patients treated with FASENRA achieved remission, similar to those on mepolizumab. Also, 41% of FASENRA patients could stop using oral corticosteroids, compared to 26% of those taking mepolizumab. This new treatment offers a convenient monthly injection and may help patients reduce reliance on long-term steroids, which can have severe side effects. FASENRA is also approved for severe eosinophilic asthma in over 80 countries.

Nasal Polyps

FDA Approves Dupixent® as First and Only Treatment for Adolescents with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) in the U.S.
Approximately 9,000 adolescents in the U.S. have chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). CRSwNP is a long-term condition that blocks nasal passages, causing breathing issues and affecting the sense of smell and taste. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi recently announced that the U.S. FDA has approved Dupixent (dupilumab) as a treatment for adolescents aged 12 to 17 with CRSwNP that isn't well controlled. This approval expands Dupixent's use, which was initially approved in 2019 for adults with CRSwNP. The approval is based on two clinical trials that showed Dupixent significantly reduced nasal congestion and polyp size while decreasing the need for surgery or steroids. Dupixent has a proven safety record, with common side effects like injection site reactions and insomnia. This new approval provides adolescents with a treatment option beyond current standard therapies.

Eczema is a group of chronic skin conditions that cause your skin to become inflamed, dry, itchy, and irritated. The rash can be a different color than your normal skin tone. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common type of eczema. If you or a family member has asthma and allergies, you have a higher chance of having AD. It affects nearly 10 million children and 17 million adults in the United States.

Living with AD can be challenging. Many people living with AD report symptoms like sore and painful skin, and poor sleep caused by itching. These physical symptoms can also impact mental health, social life, and overall well-being.

There is no cure for AD., but it can be managed through medical treatments like topical corticosteroids, non-steroidal topicals, and biologic treatments. AD can also be managed by avoiding known triggers and managing stress.

In 2024, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 2 new treatments for AD:

1. ZORYVE® (a non-steroidal treatment that you put on your skin)
2. EBGLYSS™ (a biologic)
   
   

Here is more information about these new treatments, how they work, and the research that supports their approval:

ZORYVE®

In July, the FDA approved ZORYVE cream for the treatment of AD in children and adults aged 6 and older. ZORYVE is a once-daily, steroid-free topical cream. It can be used on any location on the body affected by AD and can be used for as long as needed.

ZORYVE was previously approved for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis and plaque psoriasis. ZORYVE works by blocking an enzyme called PDE4. Blocking this enzyme can help calm down the body’s nerves on the skin that cause you to itch and reduce inflammation caused by conditions like AD.  

The approval of ZORYVE cream is based on positive results from several studies. In these studies, people with mild to moderate AD used ZORYVE cream or a placebo cream for 4 weeks.

The studies showed that ZORYVE helped many patients improve their skin. About 40% of people had clear or almost clear skin by the end of the 4 weeks.

The cream also helped reduce itching quickly. Some people felt better within 24 hours. More than 30% of participants had major itch relief after 4 weeks. Long-term studies also showed that many participants continued to improve. More than 60% had significant relief up to 56 weeks.

Very few participants reported adverse reactions. Most of the people who did report  side effects said they had headaches, nausea, and minor skin irritation where they used treatment.

EBGLYSS™

In September, the FDA approved EBGLYSS for the treatment of moderate to severe AD in people aged 12 and older who weigh at least 88 pounds and who have AD that is not well-controlled with creams or ointments.

EBGLYSS is an injectable biologic treatment that can be used alone or with topical steroids. EBGLYSS works by blocking a protein in the body that causes too much inflammation.

Treatment starts with 2 injections at week 0 and week 2, followed by 1 injection every 2 weeks until week 16. After that, you can switch to a monthly maintenance dose.

The FDA approved EBGLYSS based on findings from 3 clinical trials that included more 1,000 people. In these studies, 38% of people who took EBGLYSS had clear or almost clear skin at week 16, compared to 12% of participants who did not receive treatment. One in 10 participants who took EBGLYSS saw these results in as early as 4 weeks. Of the people who experienced clear or almost-clear skin at week 16, most (77%) maintained those results at 1 year with monthly maintenance dosing.

Many participants also had itch relief with EBGLYSS. On average, 43% of people who took EBGLYSS felt itch relief at week 16, compared to 12% of participants who did not get the treatment. Of the people who felt itch relief at week 16, most (85%) still felt relief at 1 year of treatment with monthly maintenance dosing.

The most common side effects of EBGLYSS include redness, swelling, and inflammation of the eye and eyelid, minor skin irritation at the injection site, and shingles.

The recent FDA approvals of EBGLYSS and ZORYVE provide more treatment options for people living with eczema. Both treatments offer new ways to manage challenging symptoms like itching and irritation. With more treatment options available, people with AD are one step closer to getting relief and improving their quality of life. As always, talk with your health care provider to see if one of these treatments might be right for you.

After a natural disaster with flooding, people with asthma and allergies need to take extra precautions as they begin cleanup efforts. Long after waters have receded, flood waters can leave behind chemicals, bacteria, viruses and mold. These can create long-term health issues if you have asthma and allergies.

Mold is one of the biggest concerns after a flood. Mold, a fungus, can grow in any damp environment. It is different from plants or animals in how it reproduces and grows. The “seeds,” called spores, travel through the air. Mold spores get into your nose and cause allergy symptoms. They also can reach your lungs and trigger asthma.

If your home has been flooded or has water damage, mold may start growing in places you don’t expect. It does not go away as the water dries. Mold may grow inside furniture or under carpet that got wet, making it hard to find. If not replaced, it can make you and your family very sick. Items that have gotten wet from a flood have to be thoroughly cleaned and dried or discarded.

Use these tips to prevent long-term symptoms from mold:

• Wear an N95 mask to protect yourself when you return to your home.
• Consider hiring a professional to do the cleanup.
• Clean washable items in a washing machine with detergent and hot water.
• Clean hard surfaces with soap and water.
• Throw out furniture and other items that cannot be cleaned and disinfected immediately.
• Create ventilation in your home by opening windows and using a CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® air cleaner.
• Remove and replace drywall/plaster that got wet to at least 4 inches above the water line.
• If possible, find another place to stay until the mold has been cleaned up.

There are many health concerns to think about when cleaning up mold after a flood. Read the Homeowner’s and Renter’s Guide to Mold Cleanup After Disasters from the Environmental Protection Agency for more tips and precautions.

Many factors can affect your child’s health and how well they perform in school. Did you know indoor air quality is one of them?¹ But most public schools in the U.S. have polluted indoor air, exposing children and staff to asthma triggers.

This may result in asthma that is hard to control, poor school performance, and missed school and workdays.

Why is indoor air quality such an issue in schools? There are a few reasons.

Why Many Schools Have Poor Indoor Air Quality

Several factors can affect a school’s indoor air quality. Some may be obvious. Other factors may seem harmless or minor. But they can all add up as a student is exposed to them throughout their day.

Aging buildings

Around 53% of public school buildings need repairs and updates just to be in good condition.² Schools in low-income areas and schools with higher numbers of Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous children usually have fewer resources and are in poorer condition. This is due to discriminatory funding and districting policies.

Most schools don’t have enough money to update their buildings. Funding to keep up school buildings falls short by about $38 billion each year.³

Allergens, asthma triggers, and irritants

Dust mites, animal dander, pests, and mold are common allergy and asthma triggers found in schools. Add irritants to the list, such as harsh or heavily scented cleaning chemicals, personal care products, pesticides, and fumes from buses idling outside school doors. Respiratory infections, which can trigger asthma symptoms, tend to spread more during school months.

Tobacco use is also a concern in schools. Vaping has become very popular among students. In 2024, more than 1.63 million high school and middle school students claimed to use e-cigarettes.⁴

Poor ventilation

Proper ventilation in schools can help reduce air pollution and the spread of viruses that cause respiratory illnesses, such as the flu and COVID-19. Many schools need to upgrade their HVAC, ventilation, and filtering systems.⁵

Many schools keep windows and doors closed due to safety and security concerns. This reduces air circulation and prevents indoor air from swapping with fresh outdoor air.

Transportation pollution

Air pollution can make asthma symptoms worse. Emissions from cars, buses, and semi-trailers contain tiny particles and gases that pollute the air. When those particles and gases are in the air, they can get into your lungs.

School children can be exposed to pollution while riding the bus to and from school. Most afternoons, buses and cars in the pickup line idle just outside schools. The polluted air also makes its way into the school. If a child attends a school near a major roadway, they are also exposed to vehicle-related pollution throughout the day.

How to Tell If Your Child Is Affected by Indoor Air Quality at School

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), watch for these signs that polluted indoor air is affecting your child’s health:⁵

• Your child complains about asthma or allergy symptoms during certain times of the day or week
• Other students in your child’s classroom or groups have similar issues
• Your child feels better when they leave the school but has symptoms again when they return
• The school has recently been renovated or refurnished
• Your child recently started working with new or different materials or equipment at school
• The school started using new cleaning or pesticide products or practices
• Smoking is allowed in or around the school
• The classroom adopts a new warm-blooded animal (such as a hamster or guinea pig)
  
  

When mold grows in school buildings, it can impact the health of students and staff – especially those with asthma and allergies.  

Watch for these signs of mold exposure:

• Irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs (in people with or without allergies)
• Allergic reactions (in people with allergies)
  • Sneezing, runny nose, skin rash, red/itchy eyes
• Asthma attacks
  
  

How We Can Improve Indoor Air Quality in Schools

Lack of funding may prevent schools from making major upgrades to their buildings. But there are some steps school staff can make to help improve indoor air quality, such as:

• Don’t allow buses to idle on campus.
• Use unscented and low-VOC cleaning products and methods.
• Don’t use scented candles, scent or essential oil diffusers, or scented personal hygiene products (soaps and lotions).
• Don’t allow warm-blooded pets in classrooms.
• Fix leaks immediately before they have the chance to grow mold.
• Do not use air cleaners with ionizing features or that release ozone.
• Keep humidity between 30 to 50% to reduce dust mites and help prevent mold.
• Use integrated pest management as a way of controlling pests such as cockroaches and mice.
• Do maintenance on central heating and air systems regularly according to manufacturer’s instructions.
• Add fans and vents in areas with poor ventilation.
• Use portable air cleaners with HEPA filters in classrooms if the central HVAC is not sufficient.
  
  

The EPA also offers several resources for school staff who want to learn more about creating healthy indoor school environments.

Without funding, many schools are limited on the steps they can take. On a greater scale, we can all advocate for policies and practices that make schools healthier. In The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America's (AAFA) 2024 Asthma Capitals™ report, we list steps that can help improve asthma outcomes in schools. Stakeholders, such as lawmakers, health care providers, health insurance and drug companies, and people managing asthma, can all work together to make these happen.

• Advocate for policies that support funding for school building improvements and electric school buses.
• Support programs that help prevent or stop teens and children from smoking and vaping.
• Ensure every school has a nurse.
• Encourage asthma management plans in schools.
• Continue efforts to stock quick-relief asthma medicine (such as albuterol) in schools.

References
1. Evidence from Scientific Literature About Improved Academic Performance. (2024, August 20). United States Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/iaq-school...academic-performance
2. K-12 Education: School Districts Frequently Identified Multiple Building Systems Needing Updates or Replacement Report to Congressional Addressees United States Government Accountability Office. (2020). United States Government Accountability Office. https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-20-494.pdf
3. Schools. (2021). ASCE’s 2021 Infrastructure Report Card; American Society of Civil Engineers. https://infrastructurereportca...ools-infrastructure/
4. Results from the Annual National Youth Tobacco Survey. (2024, September 5). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-pr...youth-tobacco-survey
5. Parents, Students, and Healthy Indoor School Environments. (2023, June 28). United States Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/iaq-school...-school-environments

Did you know people spend as much as 90% of their time inside their homes, offices, schools, and cars?¹ For people with allergies and asthma, air quality is important both indoors and out.

What Impacts Your Indoor Air Quality?

Air quality is a measure of gases and small particles in the air that can be harmful to your lungs. Air pollution is when particles or gases that are not normally part of the air affect the air quality. Air pollution can happen indoors when items in your home release gases and irritants into the air. Outdoor air pollution (traffic exhaust, wildfire smoke, smog, etc.) can make its way in and get trapped inside to worsen your indoor air quality.

Allergens (like dust mites and pet dander) also impact your air quality. Allergens are the most common asthma trigger. This is called allergic asthma.

Some sources of indoor allergens include:

• Dust mites
• Pets
• Cockroaches and mice
• Mold and damp areas
• Wall-to-wall carpet
• Soft furniture and stuffed toys
• Mattresses
• Pillows and bedding

Some sources of indoor air pollution include:

• Scented household cleaners and air-fresheners
• Fuel-burning heat sources (such as gas stoves, cooktops, and fireplaces)
• Smoke from cooking, candles, fireplaces or cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and e-cigarettes (vapes)
• Vehicles or lawnmowers stored inside garages
• Fumes from new furniture and carpet
• Building and paint products
• Pesticides
• Radon and ozone
• Cosmetics, perfumes, and hair sprays

What Can You Do to Improve Indoor Air Quality?

The best way to improve indoor air quality is to:

1. Remove sources of allergens and irritants.
2. Improve ventilation with outdoor air.
3. Filter your indoor air with good quality air filters on your central heating and air conditioning or portable air cleaners.
4. Control indoor humidity.
   
   

Use our interactive Healthier Home Checklist to help you improve air quality in different areas of your home.

Here are a few tips:

Establish regular cleaning routines using non-toxic and unscented cleaning products.  

RELATED: Spring Cleaning for an Asthma and Allergy Friendly Home

Remove fragranced products, candles, and air fresheners.

Keep the humidity (moisture levels) in your home between 30-50%.  Keeping humidity under 50% reduces growth of dust mites and mold. And keeping humidity above 30% prevents your skin, eyes, nose, and lips from drying out.

Replace carpets with solid surface flooring, if possible. Otherwise, vacuum carpets and rugs weekly.

Regularly clean and replace air filters according to instructions.

Quit smoking (including vaping) and don’t allow others to smoke in or around your home. If you live in a multi-family building like an apartment, close your windows if someone is smoking nearby. A portable air cleaner in your apartment may be helpful.

Many products promise to help control allergens but not all of them do. When you are shopping for products for your home, look for the CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® mark. It indicates the product has passed our testing standards to help reduce allergens and irritants in your home.

Visit aafa.org/certified to search for CERTIFIED products such as vacuums, air cleaners, cleaning products, flooring, bedding, appliances and more.

References
1. Indoor Air Quality. (2024, July 8). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/report-env...t/indoor-air-quality

Many skin conditions can look similar, so it can be hard to tell the difference. And some conditions, such as eczema, can appear and behave differently for each person. Getting the right diagnosis is important so you can manage it and feel better in your skin.

What Is Eczema?

Eczema is a group of chronic skin conditions that cause your skin to become inflamed, dry, itchy, red, and irritated. There are several types of eczema and most of them are connected to allergies. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type.

There are other skin conditions that can seem similar to eczema. How can you tell the difference? We’ll talk about other skin conditions and how they are different from eczema.

What’s the Difference Between Psoriasis and Eczema?

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes itchy, scaly rashes. They appear mostly on your knees, elbows, torso, and scalp.

Psoriasis and eczema can both cause itchy, scaly rashes. If you have plaque psoriasis, you may have red, purple, or discolored raised thick areas called “plaques.” Eczema tends to be brown or red and less defined than psoriasis.

What’s the Difference Between Scabies and Eczema?

Scabies is caused by mites that live in your skin. They burrow into your skin, creating small, red, itchy bumps. It spreads from person to person very easily through skin contact.

Eczema is not contagious and is not caused by mites infecting your skin. Eczema is a chronic immune condition caused by a defect in your skin barrier.

What’s the Difference Between Ringworm and Eczema?

Ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus. It causes round patches on your skin with red edges that look like a ring. Like scabies, it is contagious.

Ringworm can be confused with a type of eczema called nummular eczema. With nummular eczema, you can have spots with red edges, but the spots are usually not as well-defined as ringworm. It can be caused by a skin injury like a bug bite or scratch, a skin infection, stress, and heat.

What’s the Difference Between a Staph Infection and Eczema?

A staph infection is caused by a bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus. Staph is found on the skin and in the nose of most people. It usually doesn’t cause issues. But when staph infects the skin, it can cause boils, cellulitis, folliculitis, or impetigo. Infected spots may be red and have pus, like a pimple. The area can be warm and painful.

While a staph infection and eczema are different, they can go together. When you have eczema, you are more likely to get staph infections. Staph infections can become serious, so it’s important to take care of your skin and contact your doctor as soon as you think you have a staph infection.

What Can I Do If I Have a Skin Condition?

Eczema can be easily confused with other skin conditions. That’s why it’s important to get a proper diagnosis. The only real way to know if you have eczema or another skin condition is to see an allergist or dermatologist. They can tell you what’s going on with your skin and help you develop a treatment plan.

Medical review: September 2024 by Matthew Greenhawt, MD

Navigating the world of biologics can be complicated. But it doesn't have to be! If you’ve tried treatments for your asthma, food allergies, eczema, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), or nasal polyps without success and wonder if biologics are right for you, watch our latest webinar on biologics.

Jessica Peck DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC, CNE, CNL, FAANP, FAAN, and the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) presented information on biologics for several allergic conditions.

Watch on YouTube

In the video, we talk about:

• What is a biologic?
• Administration/delivery methods
• Roadmap to getting a biologic treatment
• Navigating and coordinating biologics with your health care team
• The role of patient advocates and biologics coordinators
• Insurance coverage and prior authorization
• Financial assistance
• Biologics for asthma, food allergies, and related conditions
• What to do once you are prescribed a biologic
• Practical tips (reminders, storage, self-injections, travel)

We are currently in the peak of hurricane season, which goes from June 1 to Nov. 31. While preparing for a possible storm, people with asthma need to take extra precautions to reduce chances of an asthma episode or attack.

Be Ready to Evacuate or Be Without Power

Hurricanes, even tropical storms, could mean you have to evacuate depending on where you live. And if you shelter in place, there's a good chance you could be without power for days if the storm comes your way.

In the days following a hurricane, pharmacies may be low in supply or closed. Along with your hurricane supplies, make sure you have the following for every family member with asthma:

• Enough medicines to last several days
• Pharmacy and doctor contact information
• Copies of your Asthma Action Plans
• Portable, battery-powered nebulizer, if you use one
• Insurance cards
  
  

Keep these items handy so you can grab them quickly if you don't get much notice to evacuate. During the storm, consider keeping them in a cooler where they can be protected from heat and water.

Be Aware of Thunderstorm Asthma

Thunderstorm conditions can worsen asthma triggers for people with allergic asthma. During a storm, rain hits pollen grains, causing it to break up into smaller pieces. Then the wind picks them up and spreads them around. It can then be inhaled into the lungs.

The force of the wind, rain and lightning before and during a hurricane can have the same effect. Follow your Asthma Action Plan if you are feeling symptoms.

Protect Yourself From Asthma and Allergy Triggers During Storm Cleanup

Mold, pollen, dust and building materials can be a concern after the hurricane passes. Pack gloves and N95 rated masks with your medicines so you can clean up as soon as possible. This is especially important if your home has flooded or has water damage.

Better yet, let a professional do the cleanup, if you can. Look for a reputable professional restoration company. Or ask your homeowner's insurance company to give you the name of one they recommend.

Piles of debris and downed trees can harbor mold, pollen and toxic chemicals that can cause air pollution in your area. Debris pickup may take a while depending on access to your area and availability of resources. Wear a N95 mask and gloves if you clean up any of the debris, and change your clothes as soon as you go indoors.

Mold can cause serious health problems. The key to mold control is moisture control. After the flood, remove standing water and dry indoor areas. Remove and discard anything that has been wet for more than 24-48 hours. Learn more about mold cleanup from the EPA: epa.gov/mold

Don't burn the debris because the smoke and toxic materials can irritate your airways. If neighbors burn their debris, protect yourself from the smoke as much as possible. Be aware that cleaning agents like bleach may also irritate your airways.

Updated October 2024