Many skin conditions can look similar, so it can be hard to tell the difference. And some conditions, such as eczema, can appear and behave differently for each person. Getting the right diagnosis is important so you can manage it and feel better in your skin.

What Is Eczema?

Eczema is a group of chronic skin conditions that cause your skin to become inflamed, dry, itchy, red, and irritated. There are several types of eczema and most of them are connected to allergies. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type.

There are other skin conditions that can seem similar to eczema. How can you tell the difference? We’ll talk about other skin conditions and how they are different from eczema.

What’s the Difference Between Psoriasis and Eczema?

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes itchy, scaly rashes. They appear mostly on your knees, elbows, torso, and scalp.

Psoriasis and eczema can both cause itchy, scaly rashes. If you have plaque psoriasis, you may have red, purple, or discolored raised thick areas called “plaques.” Eczema tends to be brown or red and less defined than psoriasis.

What’s the Difference Between Scabies and Eczema?

Scabies is caused by mites that live in your skin. They burrow into your skin, creating small, red, itchy bumps. It spreads from person to person very easily through skin contact.

Eczema is not contagious and is not caused by mites infecting your skin. Eczema is a chronic immune condition caused by a defect in your skin barrier.

What’s the Difference Between Ringworm and Eczema?

Ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus. It causes round patches on your skin with red edges that look like a ring. Like scabies, it is contagious.

Ringworm can be confused with a type of eczema called nummular eczema. With nummular eczema, you can have spots with red edges, but the spots are usually not as well-defined as ringworm. It can be caused by a skin injury like a bug bite or scratch, a skin infection, stress, and heat.

What’s the Difference Between a Staph Infection and Eczema?

A staph infection is caused by a bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus. Staph is found on the skin and in the nose of most people. It usually doesn’t cause issues. But when staph infects the skin, it can cause boils, cellulitis, folliculitis, or impetigo. Infected spots may be red and have pus, like a pimple. The area can be warm and painful.

While a staph infection and eczema are different, they can go together. When you have eczema, you are more likely to get staph infections. Staph infections can become serious, so it’s important to take care of your skin and contact your doctor as soon as you think you have a staph infection.

What Can I Do If I Have a Skin Condition?

Eczema can be easily confused with other skin conditions. That’s why it’s important to get a proper diagnosis. The only real way to know if you have eczema or another skin condition is to see an allergist or dermatologist. They can tell you what’s going on with your skin and help you develop a treatment plan.

Medical review: September 2024 by Matthew Greenhawt, MD

Did you know people spend as much as 90% of their time inside their homes, offices, schools, and cars?¹ For people with allergies and asthma, air quality is important both indoors and out.

What Impacts Your Indoor Air Quality?

Air quality is a measure of gases and small particles in the air that can be harmful to your lungs. Air pollution is when particles or gases that are not normally part of the air affect the air quality. Air pollution can happen indoors when items in your home release gases and irritants into the air. Outdoor air pollution (traffic exhaust, wildfire smoke, smog, etc.) can make its way inside to worsen your indoor air quality.

Allergens (like dust mites and pet dander) also impact your air quality. Allergens are the most common asthma trigger. This is called allergic asthma. Some sources of indoor allergens include:

• Dust mites
• Pets
• Cockroaches and mice
• Mold and damp areas
• Wall-to-wall carpet
• Soft furniture and stuffed toys
• Mattresses
• Pillows and bedding
  
  

Some sources of indoor air pollution include:

• Scented household cleaners and air-fresheners
• Fuel-burning heat sources (such as gas stoves, cooktops, and fireplaces)
• Smoke from cooking, candles, fireplaces or cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and e-cigarettes (vapes)
• Vehicles or lawnmowers stored inside garages
• Fumes from new furniture and carpet
• Building and paint products
• Pesticides
• Radon
• Cosmetics, perfumes, and hair sprays

October is National Indoor Air Quality Month. Having good indoor air quality is an important part of asthma and allergy management. Want to make your home healthier? Use our interactive Healthier Home Checklist to see how you can make different areas of your home healthier.

What Can You Do to Improve Indoor Air Quality?

The best way to improve indoor air quality is to get rid of the sources of allergies and irritants. Here are a few tips:

Establish regular cleaning routines using CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® cleaning products.

Remove scented candles and throw pillows.

Keep the humidity in your home under 50% to reduce growth of dust mites and mold and above 30% to prevent your skin, eyes, nose, and lips from drying out.

Replace carpets with CERTIFIED solid surface flooring, if possible. Otherwise, vacuum weekly.

Use a CERTIFIED air cleaner and filters.

Many products promise to help control allergens but not all of them do. When you are shopping for products for your home, look for the CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® mark. It indicates the product has passed our testing standards to help you have a healthier home.

Visit aafa.org/certified to search for CERTIFIED products. There you can also learn more about the asthma & allergy friendly® Certification Program.

References
1. Indoor Air Quality. (2024, July 8). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/report-env...t/indoor-air-quality

Navigating the world of biologics can be complicated. But it doesn't have to be! If you’ve tried treatments for your asthma, food allergies, eczema, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), or nasal polyps without success and wonder if biologics are right for you, watch our latest webinar on biologics.

Jessica Peck DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC, CNE, CNL, FAANP, FAAN, and the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) presented information on biologics for several allergic conditions.

Watch on YouTube

In the video, we talk about:

• What is a biologic?
• Navigating and coordinating biologics with your health care team
• Biologics for asthma, food allergies, and related conditions
• What to do once you are prescribed a biologic

We are currently in the peak of hurricane season, which goes from June 1 to Nov. 31. While preparing for a possible storm, people with asthma need to take extra precautions to reduce chances of an asthma episode or attack.

Be Ready to Evacuate or Be Without Power

Hurricanes, even tropical storms, could mean you have to evacuate depending on where you live. And if you shelter in place, there's a good chance you could be without power for days if the storm comes your way.

In the days following a hurricane, pharmacies may be low in supply or closed. Along with your hurricane supplies, make sure you have the following for every family member with asthma:

• Enough medicines to last several days
• Pharmacy and doctor contact information
• Copies of your Asthma Action Plans
• Portable, battery-powered nebulizer, if you use one
• Insurance cards
  
  

Keep these items handy so you can grab them quickly if you don't get much notice to evacuate. During the storm, consider keeping them in a cooler where they can be protected from heat and water.

Be Aware of Thunderstorm Asthma

Thunderstorm conditions can worsen asthma triggers for people with allergic asthma. During a storm, rain hits pollen grains, causing it to break up into smaller pieces. Then the wind picks them up and spreads them around. It can then be inhaled into the lungs.

The force of the wind, rain and lightning before and during a hurricane can have the same effect. Follow your Asthma Action Plan if you are feeling symptoms.

Protect Yourself From Asthma and Allergy Triggers During Storm Cleanup

Mold, pollen, dust and building materials can be a concern after the hurricane passes. Pack gloves and N95 rated masks with your medicines so you can clean up as soon as possible. This is especially important if your home has flooded or has water damage.

Better yet, let a professional do the cleanup, if you can. Look for a reputable professional restoration company. Or ask your homeowner's insurance company to give you the name of one they recommend.

Piles of debris and downed trees can harbor mold, pollen and toxic chemicals that can cause air pollution in your area. Debris pickup may take a while depending on access to your area and availability of resources. Wear a N95 mask and gloves if you clean up any of the debris, and change your clothes as soon as you go indoors.

Mold can cause serious health problems. The key to mold control is moisture control. After the flood, remove standing water and dry indoor areas. Remove and discard anything that has been wet for more than 24-48 hours. Learn more about mold cleanup from the EPA: epa.gov/mold

Don't burn the debris because the smoke and toxic materials can irritate your airways. If neighbors burn their debris, protect yourself from the smoke as much as possible. Be aware that cleaning agents like bleach may also irritate your airways.

Updated October 2024

Welcome to our September research update! Getting involved with research is an important way to impact asthma and allergy treatments, education, and awareness.

This month, we are highlighting clinical trials, surveys, and news on:

• Asthma
• Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU)
• Impacts of nasal allergies on work productivity
• Flu and COVID-19 vaccine rates among people with asthma
• Mental health impact of eczema in children and teens

Note: The links below will take you to external websites.

Surveys

Share Your Experiences Living with CSU (Chronic Hives)

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) is leading a study to learn more about the experiences of people living with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), also known as chronic hives. If you have CSU, or are a caregiver to someone with CSU, we invite you to participate in this research survey.

Your insights will help us guide educational content and programmatic resources around CSU. The survey should take less than 15 minutes to complete.

TAKE THE SURVEY

Latest Asthma and Allergy News

Allergy

Impact of Allergies on Work Productivity and Costs
Worldwide, nasal allergies (called allergic rhinitis) affect between 10% to 30% of the population. Allergy symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes can make it harder to focus or be productive at work. Long-term, these impacts can affect the economy. A recent study looked more into how allergic rhinitis affects work productivity and the cost impacts in 40 different countries.

To do this, researchers looked at data from the MASK-air® app, which collects information from people who have nasal allergies. Researchers asks questions to find out how much nasal allergies affected people's ability to work. They focused on both working while sick and missing work. The study found that when nasal allergies are poorly controlled, it can reduce work productivity by about 60.7%. This loss in productivity leads to increased costs worldwide.

People who have both nasal allergies and asthma have an even greater reduction in work productivity, especially when their nasal allergies are poorly controlled. The study showed that better control of nasal allergies could help improve work productivity and reduce the economic burden associated with the condition.

Asthma

Differences in Asthma Frequency and Costs for Children and Teens
Asthma is a common and costly condition among children and teens. A new study looked at differences in asthma frequency and medical costs among children and teens in the U.S. using data from 2016 to 2021. The study included 2,365 children and teens with treated asthma (those who needed medical care for their asthma) and compared them to 40,497 children and teens who were not getting treatment for their asthma.

The study found that children with treated asthma were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, male, and have public insurance. Children and teens with treated asthma had an extra $3,362.56 in yearly medical costs compared to those with untreated asthma. This added cost included medicines, emergency room visits, and doctor visits. Non-Hispanic Black children with treated asthma had lower total and office-based medical costs than White children with asthma. The study highlights ongoing differences in asthma frequency and medical costs based on race, ethnicity, and other factors.

Flu and COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among People with Asthma
Managing asthma well, including getting vaccines, can help protect people with asthma from infections and severe symptoms during times when respiratory viruses are common. A recently published study looked at COVID-19 and flu vaccine rates and barriers among people with asthma.

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) conducted an online survey of people with asthma from April to May in 2022. The survey asked whether or not people got vaccinated and what kept them from getting vaccinated.

Most survey respondents said they got an flu vaccine for the 2021–2022 flu season (77%) and at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (87%). Age, gender, race, and income influenced who got the flu shot. Age and where people lived (city or rural) affected COVID-19 vaccination rates. Access issues were not commonly reported as something that kept people from getting vaccines. These results could help create better education and communication to increase vaccination rates and reduce severe outcomes of respiratory illnesses.

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

Mental Health Impact of Chronic Skin Conditions in Children
Chronic skin conditions like acne and eczema can lead to stigmatization (feeling “othered” or left out). This impact can be very hard for children and affect their mental health and quality of life.

A recent study looked at 1,671 children ages 8 to 17 across the U.S. and Canada to see how much stigma they faced based on how severe their skin conditions were and how easy they were to see. Children and their caregivers were asked about their condition severity, stigma, quality of life, mental health, and peer relationships.

The findings showed that about 44% of the kids had felt moderate to severe stigma. Stigma was closely linked to lower quality of life, higher levels of depression and anxiety, and poor peer relationships. Girls reported more stigma than boys, and children with conditions like excessive sweating were more likely to have depression and anxiety.

The study highlights the importance of not only treating eczema but also addressing mental health issues that come with having this skin condition. This should result in improved overall well-being.

Medical Review: September 2024 by Jerry Shier, MD

AAFA is pushing to lower the costs of asthma and allergy medicines, including inhalers. We know the high cost of medicine can be a barrier to treatment.

Some major asthma inhaler manufacturers have announced $35 a month caps on out-of-pocket costs. The price cap will apply to people with commercial/private insurance or no insurance. The inhalers that will be price capped include:

AstraZeneca (effective June 1, 2024):

• AIRSUPRA® (albuterol and budesonide) inhalation aerosol
• BEVESPI AEROSPHERE® (glycopyrrolate and formoterol fumarate) inhalation aerosol
• BREZTRI AEROSPHERE® (budesonide, glycopyrrolate, and formoterol fumarate) inhalation aerosol
• SYMBICORT® (budesonide and formoterol fumarate dihydrate) inhalation aerosol
  
  

How it works:

• Commercially insured and covered: You can pay as little as $0 for AIRSUPRA and BREZTRI and pay no more than $35 for SYMBICORT and BEVESPI using the savings cards provided on brand websites. 
  • Here are the website links to access the savings cards: AIRSUPRA, BEVESPI, BREZTRI, and SYMBICORT
• Commercially insured but AstraZeneca inhaler is not covered in your plan: You or your health care providers can request a prior authorization or ask your doctor about a therapeutic alternative. 
• Uninsured: if eligible, you can use the $35 uninsured savings card accessible on the US Patient Support site. 
• Government insured (Medicare/Medicaid):  Federal law prohibits people on government programs from using a savings card, which is why they may be directed to AZ&Me. Qualifications for AZ&Me are based on where you live, insurance status, and income.
• For additional questions or more information, visit AstraZeneca’s patient support site or call: 1-800-236-9933
  
  

Boehringer Ingelheim (effective June 1, 2024):

• Atrovent® HFA (ipratropium bromide HFA) inhalation aerosol
• Combivent® Respimat® (ipratropium bromide and albuterol) inhalation spray
• Spiriva® HandiHaler® (tiotropium bromide) inhalation powder
• Spiriva® Respimat® 1.25 mcg (tiotropium bromide) inhalation spray
• Spiriva® Respimat® 2.5 mcg (tiotropium bromide) inhalation spray
• Stiolto® Respimat® (tiotropium bromide and olodaterol) inhalation spray
• Striverdi® Respimat® (olodaterol) inhalation spray
  
  

How it works:

• If you have commercial insurance and are eligible, the reduced out-of-pocket cost will be automatically applied at participating retail pharmacies. More than 90% of pharmacies across the country are participating in the program, making the change seamless and automatic for most people. There are no forms to fill out or websites to go to – the discount happens electronically with no action required.
• All other eligible people, including those whose pharmacies do not participate and people without insurance, can visit www.InhalerOffer.com to enroll for a savings card to present at pharmacies to receive the same $35 cap of out-of-pocket costs.
• Federal law prevents people on government insurance programs (Medicare/Medicaid/TriCare) from being eligible for this price cap program.
  
  

GSK (with price change going into effect no later than Jan. 1, 2025):

• Advair Diskus (fluticasone propionate and salmeterol inhalation powder)
• Advair HFA (fluticasone propionate and salmeterol inhalation aerosol)
• Anoro Ellipta (umeclidinium and vilanterol inhalation powder)
• Arnuity Ellipta (fluticasone furoate inhalation powder)
• Breo Ellipta (fluticasone furoate and vilanterol inhalation powder)
• Incruse Ellipta (umeclidinium inhalation powder)
• Serevent Diskus (salmeterol xinafoate inhalation powder)
• Trelegy Ellipta (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium, and vilanterol inhalation powder)
• Ventolin HFA (albuterol sulfate inhalation aerosol)

AAFA is leading the way to reduce health care costs for people with asthma

"On behalf of the 27 million people in the United States with asthma, we appreciate the leadership of President Biden and Senator Sanders to bring down costs for asthma treatments. Pricing announcements made in March by some manufacturers of inhalers will mean lower costs and improved access to asthma medicine for many people with asthma starting this June,” said AAFA President and CEO Kenneth Mendez. “As President Biden indicated, more can and should be done. It’s not just drug companies, others need to step forward. We welcome continued efforts to improve affordability and accessibility of these essential medicines so all patients can get the treatment they need.”

AAFA continues to raise the voice of the patient community and draw attention to the ways America’s complex drug pricing ecosystem makes asthma medications more expensive for people who need them most. Drug manufacturers, pharmacy benefit managers, insurers, employers, and the government must work together to improve affordability and access.

Access to affordable drugs is a critical component of reducing racial disparities in asthma. Black and Hispanic individuals not only experience higher rates of asthma but also are more likely to be uninsured or underinsured. Deaths due to asthma – although decreasing overall – occur at a much higher rate in the Black and Puerto Rican populations than in the White population. Black individuals are nearly three times as likely to die from asthma than White individuals.

Last fall, AAFA shared patient stories and its Asthma Disparities in America report with the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee which then launched an investigation into the high price of asthma inhalers early this year.

AAFA’s research indicates that when the cost of medicine becomes a barrier to treatment, people with asthma resort to rationing or simply discontinue use.

Access to asthma medications can save lives, reduce hospitalizations, and lower the more than $82 billion in annual costs to the U.S. economy from this chronic disease. But the U.S. health care system is complex, and often leaves patients with few affordable options.

Ragweed pollen allergy is a major cause of seasonal allergies, also known as “hay fever.” Its light pollen easily spreads far and wide, triggering nasal allergies and allergic asthma in its path.

If you have a ragweed pollen allergy, it helps to know what you are up against. If you live in the U.S., you probably feel the effects of ragweed pollen in the late summer and fall. Here are some things you may not know about ragweed.

Ragweed Season Peaks in Mid-September

Ragweed starts pollinating as early as July in some states, especially states in the South. But for most of the country, it appears in August and peaks in mid-September. Ragweed pollen can stick around as late as October, depending on where you live.

If you are allergic to ragweed, learn when ragweed pollen starts in your location. Talk with a board-certified allergist, if possible, about ways to prepare for the season before it begins to make it easier to manage your symptoms when the pollen peaks.

Ragweed Grows Throughout the United States

Ragweed is hard to escape. It grows throughout the United States. To help reduce your exposure to ragweed pollen, track ragweed season where you live. Check sites like AAAAI's National Allergy Bureau to follow pollen readings often.

Ragweed pollen peaks in the mornings. Plan your time outside for the afternoon and evenings when possible.

Your Immune System May Mistake Other Plants and Food for Ragweed

There are other plants that are related to ragweed. They may cause allergy symptoms as well. Avoid planting sunflowers, sage, burweed marsh elder, rabbit brush, mugwort, groundsel bush, and eupatorium near your home.

If you have a condition called pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS - also known as oral allergy syndrome (OAS), your mouth may itch or tingle when you eat certain foods. This is because the pollen is similar to the proteins in some foods, so your body can’t tell the difference. This is called cross-reactivity.

Food such as cantaloupes, bananas, watermelon, and sunflower seeds may cause symptoms in some people who have a ragweed allergy.

Rarely, PFAS can trigger anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, so it is important to know if you have PFAS or a food allergy and how to treat it. Some of the symptoms of PFAS and anaphylaxis may be similar. If you have symptoms when eating foods, talk with an allergist.

Ragweed Pollen Can Travel Hundreds of Miles

Ragweed pollen is very light, making it easy for the wind to carry it for miles. Don’t let ragweed follow you around. Cover your hair, eyes, and face when you go outside. Shower at night to remove pollen. Also have everyone who enters your home leave their shoes at the door.

Immunotherapy May Provide Relief from Ragweed Pollen Allergy

If you are allergic to ragweed pollen, there are options for treatment. Many of them are available over the counter.

• Nasal corticosteroids – These nasal sprays treat nasal inflammation, reduce symptoms and congestion, and block allergic reactions. They are the most effective for nasal symptoms and have few side effects.
• Antihistamines – They work by reducing your runny nose, sneezing, and itching in your eyes and sinuses. Choose non-drowsy options.
• Decongestants – They shrink swollen nasal passages to help you feel less stuffy. Nose drops and sprays should be taken short term.
• Leukotriene inhibitors – This medicine blocks chemicals your body releases when you have an allergic reaction.
• Cromolyn sodium – This nasal spray blocks chemicals that cause allergy symptoms, like histamine and leukotrienes.
  
  

If over-the-counter allergy medicine doesn’t relieve your allergy symptoms, talk with your doctor about other treatment options. It is especially important for you to seek treatment if you have allergic asthma and ragweed pollen is a trigger for you.

Many people benefit from immunotherapy. This can come in the form of allergy shots or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).

With allergy shots, your doctor gives you injections of allergens in an increasing dose over time. You gradually become less sensitive to that allergen.

With SLIT, you take a small dose of an allergen under your tongue. You also gradually become less sensitive to that allergen. Currently, SLIT is available for ragweed and dust mite allergies.

The American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology have tools to help you find a board-certified allergist in your area.

Wearing a Mask and Sunglasses During Ragweed Season May Reduce the Pollen’s Effects

Face masks can reduce your exposure to ragweed pollen. Wearing an N95 mask when outside can prevent pollen particles from entering your nose and lungs. This may lower your chance of having symptoms.

Sunglasses can protect your eyes from ragweed pollen too. Pollen can be irritating and may cause watery and itchy eyes. Also consider a hat to keep the pollen out of your hair.

Healthy Indoor Air Quality Can Help You Manage Your Asthma and Allergies Overall

If ragweed pollen season drives you to spend more time indoors, pay attention to your indoor air quality. Indoor air is often more polluted than outside air. Poor indoor air quality can make your asthma and allergies worse. Combine poor indoor air quality with ragweed pollen, and you may be downright miserable.

The following can affect your indoor air quality:

• Allergens, like dust mites, pet dander, cockroaches, and mold
• Scents, chemicals, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
• Outdoor air pollution
  
  

Use our interactive Healthier Home Checklist to find where allergens, triggers, and irritants can hide. Then follow the steps to improve your indoor air.

Some products can help you improve and maintain good indoor air. The asthma & allergy friendly® Certification Program helps you find products that have been scientifically tested in labs and meet strict standards. These products have proven that they effectively remove or reduce your exposure to asthma and allergy triggers. Through our program, you’ll find CERTIFIED vacuum cleaners, air filters, bedding, flooring, and more.

Medical Review Based off the webpage, “Ragweed Pollen Allergy,” reviewed August 2023 by Jill Poole, MD

AAFA’s 2024 Asthma Capitals™ Report Highlights the Most Challenging Places in the U.S. to Live with Asthma

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) has released the 2024 Asthma Capitals report. This report shows how location may impact asthma in cities across the contiguous (“lower 48”) United States. It analyzes data from the 100 largest cities in the U.S. to identify the most challenging places to live with asthma.

Why is this report important? Where you live can impact your asthma. It can be affected by air pollution, your ability to get health care, income, and more. It is our goal that this report inspires action – action everyone can take – to reduce asthma rates and prevent asthma deaths. We can achieve this together.

Allentown, Pennsylvania, is #1 for 2024. Allentown was also #1 last year.

2024 Asthma Capitals Report Highlights

The 2024 Asthma Capitals report highlights where we can focus our efforts for healthier environments and communities. This year’s report includes:

• Sample resolutions for designating “Asthma Peak Week” and “Asthma and Allergy Awareness Month” in your state
• A toolkit to help advocates champion better policies for people living with asthma
• A spotlight on policies to support better access to asthma medicines and asthma care
• An update on the work AAFA is supporting to address asthma disparities in local communities – including in Allentown, the #1 Asthma Capital for the 2nd year in a row
  
  

“Nearly 28 million people in the United States have asthma,” said Kenneth Mendez, president and CEO of AAFA. “For people with asthma, this report makes clear that where they live plays a significant role in their quality of life. Federal, state, and local policymakers should use this report as a guide to address climate change, indoor air quality, and access to medical care. Addressing these issues can go a long way to help improve the lives of people with asthma.”

Read AAFA’s 2024 Asthma Capitals report to see how your city ranks on our list and what communities can do to improve asthma outcomes.

How Can I Learn More About Managing Asthma?

Managing asthma involves a multi-step approach. This involves taking asthma medicine and limiting exposure to your asthma triggers. Work with an asthma specialist to come up with the best plan for you. AAFA offers free resources to help:

• Online support community
• List of CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® products to help you make your indoor air healthier
• Opportunities to participate in research to improve future asthma treatment
  
  

The 2024 Asthma Capitals report is an independent research project of the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America and made possible by support from Amgen, Sanofi, and Regeneron.